Controversial mural to stay in Woodburn Hall lecture room at IUB

Benton's KKK image brings emphasis to issues of diversity

By James Tinney

For more on the Benton murals go to:
"Social and Industrial History of Indiana:" A Benton murals timeline

Brehm said she is "convinced that moving or covering the mural would be morally wrong because it would, in effect, do what Benton refused to do: that is, it would hide the shameful aspects of Indiana's past. I might note that trying to move the mural would probably damage it, perhaps destroy it. But the major issue here is a moral one, not one of cost or even of preservation."

She also emphasized the importance of diversity on the Bloomington campus. "The major issue running throughout all of the discussions and conversations over these last several weeks is not, in fact, the Benton mural. It is, instead, the status of diversity on our campus. The real issue, the real test of character, for Indiana University Bloomington, is the strength of its commitment to diversity."

The noted American artist Thomas Hart Benton created the mural—parts of which are now on display at three sites on the Bloomington campus—for the State of Indiana exhibit at the 1933 Chicago World's Fair. IU President Herman B Wells saw the mural there, remembered it and later arranged for it to be brought to Bloomington. Sixteen panels of the mural were installed at the auditorium and others were placed in the University Theater and in Woodburn Hall.

The Woodburn mural has proven controversial over the years because it includes an image of robed members of the Ku Klux Klan burning a cross. It also includes an image of a white nurse taking care of a black child and a white child. Historians say the images represent Benton's effort to display the full array of Indiana history: positive and negative.

Over the years, some black students have objected to the KKK image on the mural, saying it is a racist symbol that makes them feel unwelcome and creates a hostile learning environment.

Brehm praised members of the Black Student Union who raised the issue of the mural, expressing her "appreciation to the leadership and members of the Black Student Union who have so eloquently expressed their concerns."

Brehm said she agreed with the students that the existing education program for classes meeting in Woodburn 100 had not worked well. In order to respond to the students' concerns and to the university's historic commitment to diversity, Brehm announced a three-point plan.

First, the educational program informing students who use the Woodburn classroom about the history and intent of the mural will be strengthened, so that it is required for all groups meeting in the room.

Second, the chancellor announced the creation of the "One for Diversity Fund" to raise private support for creating "more art, more diverse art, on the Bloomington campus—art that will celebrate, recognize and memorialize the multicultural past and present of both Indiana and IU, as well as the importance of diversity for education." Through the fund, Brehm intends to "strengthen our commitment to multicultural artists by commissioning their work, hiring them on our faculty, and inviting them to campus for exhibits and conferences."

The third aspect of the program to enhance the campus' commitment to diversity will be to include a section on diversity in all summer orientation plans, continuing to provide significant funding for strategic hiring and student retention efforts, and calling upon the deans and the faculty to integrate diversity issues into the curriculum.

Brehm noted that "the combination of a powerful mural and motivated students has brought us here today to a much stronger commitment to diversity on the Bloomington campus. Both the Benton mural and the students remind us that we must remain vigilant about injustice and never assume that it has vanished from our midst. We need the students and the Benton mural to keep our eyes on the true prize of diversity, respect and human dignity."