Exam 2 Topics

Morphology

• Structure
• Grammatical and lexical meaning
• Kinds of processes
• Acquisition
• Grammaticalization
• Isolating morphemes

  Oromo

  adeema         'he goes'
  adeemta        'you go'
  adeemna        'we go'
  dhufa          'he goes'
  dhufta         'you go'
  dhufna         'we go'
  bana           'he opens'
  
  qaba           'he has'
  qabda          'you have'
  qabna          'we have'
  dhuga          'he drinks'
  dhugda         'you drink'
  dhugna         'we drink'
  eega           'he watches'
  
  barbaada       'he wants'
  barbaadda      'you want'
  barbaanna      'we want'
  taphata        'he plays'
  taphatta       'you play'
  taphanna       'we play'
  jaallata       'he likes'
  
  gala           'he enters'
  galta          'you enter'
  galla          'we enter'
  bara           'he learns'
  barta          'you learn'
  barra          'we learn'
  gurgura        'he sells'
  
  kolfa          'he laughs'
  kolfita        'you laugh'
  kolfina        'we laugh'
  arga           'he sees'
  argita         'you see'
  argina         'we see'
  sirba          'he dances'
  
  ta'a           'he becomes'
  taata          'you become'
  taana          'we become'
  du'a           'he dies'
  duuta          'you die'
  duuna          'we die'
  fo'a           'he chooses'
  
  dubbisa        'he reads'
  dubbifta       'you read'
  dubbifna       'we read'
  kaasa          'he picks up'
  kaafta         'you pick up'
  kaafna         'we pick up'
  dhugsiisa      'he causes to drink'
  barsiisa       'he teaches (causes to learn)'
  
  dhiqa          'he washes'
  dhiqtha        'you washes'
  dhiqna         'we wash'
  dhaqtha        'you go'
  dhaqna         'we go'
  
  

Syntax

• Phrase structure and constituency
• Transformations
• Typology
• Functionalist perspective

Semantics

• Lexical
• Compositional

Pragmatics

• Vs. semantics
• Speech acts and Grice's Maxims: what's wrong here?
  1. On Sears hair dryer: Do not use while sleeping.
  2. On a bag of Fritos: You could be a winner! No purchase necessary. Details inside.
  3. Some Swann frozen dinners: Serving suggestion: Defrost.
  4. On Tesco's Tiramisu desert: Do not turn upside down. (Printed on the bottom of the box.)
  5. On Marks & Spencer Bread Pudding: Product will be hot after heating.
  6. On a string of Chinese-made Christmas lights: For indoor or outdoor use only.
  7. On an American Airlines packet of nuts: Instructions: open packet, eat nuts.

Historical: Comparative Method